The immune system has two main arms: innate and adaptive. The innate immune system recognizes broad molecular patterns, such as molecules that certain RNA viruses generate as they replicate. It is ...

Despite accumulating evidence in support of sex-based differences in innate and adaptive immune responses ... of cytokines that promote humoral immunity. The more vigorous humoral immune response ...

Innate immune cells exhibit rapid cytotoxic activity against foreign pathogens and malignant cells, and they have the capacity to launch a counterpart arm, the adaptive immune system. The T-cells ...

Perhaps if we could work out the evolutionary history of innate and adaptive immunity, this could help us to understand the intricacies of how our immune system functions and sometimes dysfunctions.

The immune system comprises two immunity strategies: the innate and the acquired (adaptive) immune system. The innate immune system provides general protection from pathogens and must react quickly.

These principles, which shed light on precise mechanisms shaping adaptive immunity, may have broader implications for vaccine design and immune therapies. "There's a mini-evolution machine inside ...

The immune system comprises two immunity strategies: the innate and the acquired (adaptive) immune system. The innate immune system provides a general protection from pathogens and must react quickly.

These principles, which shed light on precise mechanisms shaping adaptive immunity, may have broader implications for vaccine design and immune therapies. "There's a mini-evolution machine inside ...